-Those who are selected in the process become members of the section team who will play in the next level called intersection
-At times instead of bearing the nameand the number of the section, their representations color-coded; it is called intercolor
Intramurals
-The games to be played are classified into singles, doubles, and team.
archery
chess
lawn tennis
table tennis
badminton
basketball
volleyball
sepaktakraw
TEAM
2. DISTRICT ATHLETIC MEET
-In the district athletic meet, the different schools within the district compete.
-Each schools sends its best athletes to participate in the events in which they have been -training.
-The athletic meet serves as a process of selection of the best athletes and the best teams who will compete the division athletic meet.
-The events held are included in the program of palarong pambansa
District Athletic Meet
The 2014 Palarong Pambansa will feature 17 sports plus the 3 demonstration sports from last year . The 57th edition of the games may introduce wrestling as part of the grassroot program of Philippine Sports Commission. THE Wrestling Association of the Philippines (WAP) will promote the sport in schools nationwide after the Department of Education (DepEd) included wrestling in the 2014 Palarong Pambansa program. President Aquino signed Republic Act 10588, an act institutionalizing the conduct of the Palarong Pambansa, with wrestling as one of the medal sports.[
Archery
Arnis
Aquatics
Athletics (sport)
Badminton
Baseball
Billiards¹
Boxing
Chess
Football
Futsal¹
Gymnastics
Sepak takraw
Softball
Table tennis
Taekwondo
Tennis
Volleyball
Wrestling*
Wushu¹
list of events
(palarong pambansa)
3. DIVISION ATHLETIC MEET
-Districts are duty-bound to participate in the division athletic meet, they plaay against each other as represented by their chosen best athletes and teams.
-For example, in the Division of city schools in Manila, there are six districts. They have to prepare for the next level of competition which is the City Athletic meet
Division Athletic Meet
The City of Manila is divided into 6 congressional districts with 16 administrative districts, 100 zones and 897 barangays. Tondo, with 24 zones is divided into two-Tondo 1 which is the first congressional district and Tondo II, the second congressional district. District III has 16 zones which includes Binondo, Quiapo, San Nicolas and Sta. Cruz. District IV, with 17 zones, is comprised of Sampaloc alone. District V, with 32 zones, includes Ermita. Intramuros, Malate, Paco, Port Area and San Andres. District VI, with 11 zones is comprised of San Miguel, Pandacan, Sta. Ana and Sta. Mesa.
-There are 17 schools in District I (12 elementary and 5 secondary) located in Tondo I area.
-There are 20 schools in District II (14 elementary and 6 secondary) located in Tondo II area.
-There are 16 schools in District III (11 elementary and 5 secondary) located in Binondo, Quiapo, San Nicolas and Sta. Cruz areas.
-There are 19 schools in District IV (14 elementary and 5 secondary) located in Sampaloc area.
-There are 14 schools in District V (9 elementary and 5 secondary) located in Ermita, Malate, Paco and San Andres areas.
-There are 17 schools in District VI (11 elementary and 6 secondary) located in San Miguel, Pandacan, Sta. Ana and Sta. Mesa areas.
4. CITY ATHLETIC MEET
-City athletic meet is a dual meet where champions of the public schools and private schools compete.
-This meet is held after the division level competition in the public schools. The private schools in the same manner, undertake selections by having a competition among themselves
-Actually, the players that represent the city in the higher meet come from the joint public and private schools force.
City Athletic Meet
-The National Capital Region Athletic Association (NCRAA) is an athletic association in Metro Manila (National Capital Region), Philippines established in 1993. It is primarily held during the second semester of a school around November until February.
-Basketball and Volleyball are the centerpiece sports of the league but it also stage several events as well.
5. PROVINCIAL ATHLETIC MEET
6.REGIONAL ATHLETIC MEET
The Rise of the Games
They were dedicated to the Olympian gods and were staged on the ancient plains of Olympia. They continued for nearly 12 centuries, until Emperor Theodosius decreed in 393 A.D. that all such "pagan cults" be banned.
The Olympic Games originated long ago in ancient Greece. Exactly when the Games were first held and what circumstances led to their creation is uncertain. We do know, however, that the Games were a direct outgrowth of the values and beliefs of Greek society. The Greeks idealized physical fitness and mental discipline, and they believed that excellence in those areas honored Zeus, the greatest of all their gods.
One legend about the origin of the Olympic Games revolves around Zeus. It was said Zeus once fought his father, Kronos, for control of the world. They battled atop a mountain that overlooked a valley in southwestern Greece. After Zeus defeated his father, a temple and immense statue were built in the valley below to honor him. This valley was called Olympia, and soon religious festivals developed there as people came to worship Zeus and to approach as nearly as possible his great strength. It is believed that these religious festivals eventually led to the famed Games of the Olympics.
Although we do not know just when the Games were first played, the earliest recorded Olympic competition occurred in 776 B.C. It had only one event, the one-stade (approximately 630-foot or 192-meter) race, which was won by a cook named Coroebus. This was the start of the first Olympiad, the four-year period by which the Greeks recorded their history.
Athletic competition became so important to the Greeks that the Olympic festivals were a peaceful influence on the warlike city-states. Sparta was famous for the strict military training of its citizens. But it would wait until the Games were over before sending fighters into battle. Other cities followed this example.
For the first 13 Olympic Games, the only event was the one-stade run. But over the years, new sports were added to the Games. The hoplitodrome, for instance, was a footrace the athletes ran wearing full armor. The pentathlon, in which the athletes competed in five events (jumping, javelin, sprint, discus, and wrestling) was added to the Games in 708 B.C. The pancration was introduced in 648 B.C. This brutal sport had no rules and combined boxing and wrestling. A winner was named only when one man raised his hand in defeat or lay unconscious on the ground.
In addition to the pre-existing religious shrines and altars, a vast complex of buildings and structures was constructed at Olympia to accommodate the growing number of sports and athletes. Chariot races, first run in 680 B.C. , were held in the hippodrome. Boxers and wrestlers trained in the Palaestra, which was adjacent to the gymnasium. The Leonidaion housed the athletes.
Generally, only freeborn men and boys could take part in the Olympic Games (servants and slaves were allowed to participate only in the horse races). Women were forbidden, on penalty of death, even to see the Games. In 396 B.C. , however, a woman from Rhodes successfully defied the death penalty. When her husband died, she continued the training of their son, a boxer. She attended the Games disguised as a man and was not recognized until she shouted with joy over her son's victory. Her life was spared because of the special circumstances and the fact that her father and brothers had been Olympians.
At first, the Games were strictly for Greek citizens. Eventually, however, athletes from all over the Roman Empire (which covered the entire Mediterranean region) were permitted to participate.
All athletes were required to take an oath that they would observe all the rules and standards. In spite of the luxurious facilities offered to athletes, all had to remain amateurs. That is, they had to pay their own expenses, and they could receive no monetary awards.
Winners of the Games were crowned with wreaths of olive leaves and hailed as heroes. They were showered with material gifts, and sometimes a special entrance was cut in the wall surrounding their home city just for them to pass through — a symbol that the people of the city felt well protected with an Olympic champion living among them.
Perhaps the greatest athlete of the ancient Games was Milo of Croton, a wrestler who lived in the 500's B.C. He won the wrestling crown six times, and he was said to be so powerful that he could carry a full-grown bull on his shoulders.
The ancient Olympic Games also honored, and inspired, artists. The poet Pindar wrote many odes in praise of the Games' winners. The Olympic buildings were prime examples of the beauty of Greek architecture, and the remains of Zeus' great statue bear the signature of the famous Athenian sculptor and architect Phidias. Like the athletic champions, artistic champions were awarded olive wreaths and
Olympia
Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty. Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it.
The Games and religion
The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not an integral part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and evolution of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.
Victory Ceremonies
The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner's name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the spectators cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.
The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father's name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath, or kotinos, on the winner's head.
The oldest myth which concerns the beginning of the Olympic Games is that of Idaios Daktylos Herakles. According to other myths, Zeus, the father of humanity, fought and defeated Cronus in a struggle for the throne of the gods. Finally, the well-known demigod Herakles is mentioned. He staged games in Olympia in honour of Zeus, because the latter had helped him conquer Elis when he went to war against Augeas.
Zeus
Zeus was considered the most important of all the Olympic gods. He was originally worshipped as a god of meteorological change. He quickly became the god of fertility however, and was worshipped as Zeus the "infernal" (hthonios) or "farmer" (georgos). As Zeus the possessor (ktisios), he offered a good harvest; as Zeus the father (pater), he protected the family and all who lived nearby.
Hera
Hera was the sister and wife of Zeus and was worshipped all over Greece, but especially in the region of Argos. She was thus also called "Argeia". The epithets "perfect", "balanced" and "wedded" were used to describe her because she was considered the protector of marriage and the marital bond. Homer depicts Hera in her dual capacity as the most important female deity, but also the official spouse of the father of the gods.
Athena
The ancient Greeks believed that Athena was miraculously born out of the head of Zeus. She was first worshipped in the palaces of the Achaean rulers in the Pre-Hellenistic period. In Homer’s work, she is depicted as a warrior goddess wearing full armour from the prehistoric era. She was as important as Aris, the god of war, and favoured the prudent outcome of confrontations.
Apollo
Apollo was the god of moral order and music, but his main capacity was to protect the art of divination. This is revealed by the plethora of oracles in various regions of Greece, the most famous being the oracle of Delphi, in Fokis. Apollo is also seen as a pastoral god, protecting his flock from the wolves. He was worshipped by the farmers as the god of the harvest. From Antiquity onwards, he had the reputation of a god of healing.
The Athletes
Through the 12 centuries of the Olympic Games, many wonderful athletes competed in the stadium and the hippodrome of ancient Olympia's sacred area, moving the crowds with their great achievements. Although mortal, their Olympic victories immortalised them. Of the best athletes who left their mark on the sacred valley of Olympia, some surpassed all limits and became legends by winning in successive Olympic Games and remaining at the forefront of their sport for more than a decade. It is worth mentioning some of their extraordinary achievements, which, even by today's standards, would be the envy of athletes such as Nurmi, Zatopek or Lewis.
Participants
All free male Greek citizens were entitled to participate in the ancient Olympic Games, regardless of their social status. Orsippos, a general from Megara; Polymnistor, a shepherd; Diagoras, a member of a royal family from Rhodes; Alexander I, son of Amyndas and King of Macedonia; and Democritus, a philosopher, were all participants in the Games.
Married women were not allowed to participate in, or to watch, the ancient Olympic Games. However, unmarried women could attend the competition, and the priestess of Demeter, goddess of fertility, was given a privileged position next to the Stadium altar.
Astylos of Croton
Astylos of Croton in southern Italy won a total of six victory olive wreaths in three Olympiads (488-480 B.C.) in the stade and the diaulos (twice the stade) events. In the first Olympiad, he ran for Croton and his compatriots honoured and glorified him. In the two successive Olympiads, however, he took part as a citizen of Syracuse. The people of Croton punished him by demolishing his statue in their city and converting his house into a prison.
Milon of Croton
Milon, a pupil of the philosopher Pythagoras, was one of the most famous athletes in Antiquity. He came from the Greek city of Croton in southern Italy. He was six times Olympic wrestling champion. He first won in 540 B.C., in the youth wrestling event, and then five times in men's wrestling. This is a unique achievement even in today's competition context. He also won seven times in the Pythian Games, nine times in the Nemean Games, ten times in the Isthmian Games and innumerable times in small competitions. In the 67th Olympiad (512 B.C.), in his seventh attempt for the championship, he lost to a younger athlete, Timasitheus. There are many accounts of his achievements.
Leonidas of Rhodes
Leonidas of Rhodes was one of the most famous runners in Antiquity. His was a unique achievement, even by today's standards. For four consecutive Olympiads (164-152 B.C.), he won three races, - the stade race, the diaulos race and the armour race. He won a total of 12 Olympic victory wreaths. He was acclaimed as a hero by his compatriots.
Melankomas of Caria
Melankomas of Caria was crowned Olympic boxing champion in 49 B.C., and was a winner in many other events. He went down in history for the way in which he fought. His movements were light, simple and fascinating. He would defeat his opponents without ever being hit himself, nor ever dealing a blow. He was reputed to fight for two days holding his arms out without ever lowering them. He attained his excellent competitive form through continuous and strenuous exercise.
Kyniska of Sparta
Kyniska, daughter of King Archidamos of Sparta, was the first woman to be listed as an Olympic victor in Antiquity. Her chariot won in the four-horse chariot race in the 96th and 97th Olympiads, (396 B.C. and 392 B.C. respectively). In the Olympic Games, it was forbidden for women to be present and Kyniska broke with tradition, since, in the equestrian events, the victory wreath, or kotinos, was won by the owner, not the rider, of the horse.
The Sport events
he ancient Olympic Games were initially a one-day event until 684 BC, when they were extended to three days. In the 5th century B.C., the Games were extended again to cover five days.
The ancient Games included running, long jump, shot put, javelin, boxing, pankration and equestrian events.
Discus throw The discus was originally made of stone and later of iron, lead or bronze. The technique was very similar to today's freestyle discus throw.
Wrestling This was highly valued as a form of military exercise without weapons. It ended only when one of the contestants admitted defeat.
Boxing Boxers wrapped straps (himantes) around their hands to strengthen their wrists and steady their fingers. Initially, these straps were soft but, as time progressed, boxers started using hard leather straps, often causing disfigurement of their opponent's face.
Pankration This was a primitive form of martial art combining wrestling and boxing, and was considered to be one of the toughest sports. Greeks believed that it was founded by Theseus when he defeated the fierce Minotaur in the labyrinth.
Equestrian events These included horse races and chariot races and took place in the Hippodrome, a wide, flat, open space.
Another source
From Grolier Online’s New Book of Knowledge
The Decline of the Games
After Rome conquered Greece in the 100's B.C. , Olympic standards began to decline. Competition for the common good was ignored by the glory hunters, who were willing to use any trick or deceit to win. For instance, in A.D. 67 the emperor Nero brought his own cheering section and competed in events himself. Even though he fell from his chariot during the race, he was named the champion. In A.D. 394 the Roman emperor Theodosius I, a Christian who considered the Games a pagan festival, ordered them stopped.
Olympia then began to crumble. The great statue of Zeus was taken away to Constantinople, where it was destroyed in a fire. In 426, Roman emperor Theodosius II ordered all the temples destroyed. Earthquakes later helped finish what human hands had started, as well as flooding caused by a change in the course of the river that flowed through Olympia. The once-great city was eventually buried.
In 1829, German archaeologists began uncovering Olympia. Today, the site of the ancient Olympic Games is only a shadow of its former glory. Many of the building foundations remain, but few walls and pillars still stand, and the stadium where footraces were held long ago is now just a broad stretch of barren ground
Meaning of the Olympic Rings
The meaning of the Olympic Rings is a very symbolic meaning and it was designed by Frenchman who was named Baron Pierre de Coubertin in 1912, he is also regarded as the father of the modern day Olympics, and the founder of the International Olympic Committee. Baron Pierre de Coubertin wanted there to be an important meaning of the Olympic rings and he wanted to ensure that the Olympic flag would be universally accepted for all the nations involved and he wanted to make this flag a part of the new Olympic Tradition. As you can see the flag is still flown today in both the winter and the Summer Olympic events, and this is just as important to the Olympics as the traditional Olympic torch.
The original thoughts as to the meaning of the Olympic rings on the flag of the Olympic Games is the symbolism of the five different colored rings, all interlinked together. These five multicolored Olympic rings stand for the five continents where the athletes traveled from to take part in the sporting competitions of these Olympic events. The reason for the interlocking rings on the Olympic flag is symbolic in showing that the Olympic Games are intended for all nations to be able to come and compete against one another in unity. The meaning of the Olympic rings colors is not of any important significance, but the five colors of the Olympic rings and the white background have at least one color of every nation’s flag in them. The design of the Olympic flag was first made in 1914 but it was not flown in the Olympic Games until 1920, when the games were held in the city of Antwerp, Belgium and it has been flown in every Olympic Event since that was not cancelled due to war.
Every national flag in the world contains at least one of the colors of the rings, but there not in a specific order. (from left to right) blue, yellow, black, green, and red.
Symbolic Banner
The Olympic flag measures 2.06 m long, 60 cm high and is completely white with five circles in the center. The top three circles, from left to right, are blue, black and red. The bottom two circles, from left to right, are yellow and green. The white background symbolizes peace and truth. The five rings represent the five continents of the world, but a prevalent post-facto interpretation has tied specific colors to specific continents:
• Blue representing Europe
• Black representing Africa
• Red representing America
• Yellow representing Asia
• Green representing Australia (Oceania)
A Surrogate Flag
The Olympic flag is a symbol of peace, goodwill, and global solidarity and tolerance. True to this meaning, she has lent her colors to many athletes who were unable to compete under their own flag.
At Barcelona in 1992, athletes from a part of Yugoslavia not represented at the Games participated as independent athletes under the Olympic flag. They did not march in the parade of flags, but the Olympic flag was raised on their behalf during award ceremonies for them. In the 2000 Games at Sydney, four athletes from East Timor were allowed to compete under the Olympic flag because East Timor did not have international status as an independent country.
OLYMPIC GAMES LOCATION (modern day)
The IOC, headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, sets and enforces Olympic policy. The site of the games is chosen, usually at least six years in advance.
SITES OF THE SUMMER OLYMPIC GAMES
**Games cancelled due to World War I.
***Games cancelled due to World War II.
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